September 23

Pre-1600

• 38 – Drusilla, Caligula's sister who died in June, with whom the emperor is said to have an incestuous relationship, is deified.
• 1122 – Pope Callixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat of Worms to put an end to the Investiture Controversy.
• 1338 – The Battle of Arnemuiden, in which a French force defeats the English, is the first naval battle of the Hundred Years' War and the first naval battle in which gunpowder artillery is used.
• 1409 – The Battle of Kherlen is the second significant victory over Ming dynasty China by the Mongols since 1368.
• 1459 – The Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is won by the Yorkists.
• 1561 – King Philip II of Spain issues cedula, ordering a halt to colonizing efforts in Florida.

1601–1900

• 1779 – American Revolution: John Paul Jones, naval commander of the United States, on board the USS Bonhomme Richard, wins the Battle of Flamborough Head.
• 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War: The Battle of Assaye is fought between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.
• 1821 – Tripolitsa, Greece, is captured by Greek rebels during the Greek War of Independence.
• 1846 – Astronomers Urbain Le Verrier, John Couch Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery of Neptune.
• 1868 – The Grito de Lares occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
• 1879 – The Macedo-Romanian Cultural Society is founded.
• 1884 – On the night of 23-24 September, the steamship Arctique runs aground near Cape Virgenes leading to the discovery of nearby placer gold, beginning the Tierra del Fuego gold rush.
• 1899 – The American Asiatic Squadron destroys a Filipino battery at the Battle of Olongapo.

1901–present

• 1905 – Norway and Sweden sign the Karlstad Treaty, peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
• 1913 – The United Mine Workers of America launch a strike which eventually escalated into the Colorado Coalfield War.
• 1942 – World War II: The Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins: U.S. Marines attack Japanese units along the Matanikau River.
• 1950 – Korean War: The Battle of Hill 282 is the first US friendly-fire incident on British military personnel since World War II.
• 1973 – Argentine general election: Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
• 1983 – Gulf Air Flight 771 is destroyed by a bomb, killing all 117 people on board.
• 2004 – Over 3,000 people die in Haiti after Hurricane Jeanne produces massive flooding and mudslides.
• 2008 – Matti Saari kills ten people at a school in Finland before committing suicide.

Pre-1600

• 63 BC – Augustus, Roman emperor (d. 14 AD)
• 1158 – Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1186)
• 1215 – Kublai Khan, Mongolian emperor (d. 1294)
• 1495 – Bagrat III of Imereti, King of Imereti (d. 1565)
• 1597 – Francesco Barberini, Catholic cardinal (d. 1679)
• 1598 – Eleonore Gonzaga, Italian wife of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1655)

1601–1900

• 1642 – Giovanni Maria Bononcini, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1678)
• 1647 – Joseph Dudley, English politician, Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1720)
• 1650 – Jeremy Collier, English bishop and theologian (d. 1726)
• 1713 – Ferdinand VI of Spain (d. 1759)
• 1740 – Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1813)
• 1756 – John Loudon McAdam, Scottish engineer (d. 1836)
• 1771 – Emperor Kōkaku of Japan (d. 1840)
• 1778 – Mariano Moreno, Argentinian journalist, lawyer, and politician (d. 1811)
• 1781 – Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (d. 1860)
• 1791 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer and academic (d. 1865)
• 1791 – Theodor Körner, German soldier and author (d. 1813)
• 1800 – William Holmes McGuffey, American author and academic (d. 1873)
• 1819 – Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist and academic (d. 1896)
• 1823 – John Colton, English-Australian politician, 13th Premier of South Australia (d. 1902)
• 1838 – Victoria Woodhull, American journalist and activist (d. 1927)
• 1851 – Ellen Hayes, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1930)
• 1852 – James Carroll Beckwith, American painter and academic (d. 1917)
• 1852 – William Stewart Halsted, American physician and surgeon (d. 1922)
• 1853 – Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (d. 1923)
• 1861 – Robert Bosch, German engineer and businessman, founded Robert Bosch GmbH (d. 1942)
• 1863 – Mary Church Terrell, American author and activist (d. 1954)
• 1865 – Pekka Halonen, Finnish painter (d. 1933)
• 1865 – Emma Orczy, Hungarian-English author and playwright (d. 1947)
• 1865 – Suzanne Valadon, French model and painter (d. 1938)
• 1867 – John Lomax, American teacher, musicologist, and folklorist (d. 1948)
• 1869 – Mary Mallon, American cook and typhoid carrier (d. 1938)
• 1876 – Moshe Zvi Segal, Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 1968)
• 1880 – John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr, Scottish biologist, physician, and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
• 1889 – Walter Lippmann, American journalist and publisher, co-founded The New Republic (d. 1974)
• 1890 – Friedrich Paulus, German general (d. 1957)
• 1895 – Miron Merzhanov, Russian architect and engineer (d. 1975)
• 1895 – Johnny Mokan, American baseball player (d. 1985)
• 1897 – Paul Delvaux, Belgian painter (d. 1994)
• 1897 – Walter Pidgeon, Canadian-American actor and singer (d. 1984)
• 1898 – Les Haylen, Australian journalist and politician (d. 1977)
• 1899 – Tom C. Clark, American lawyer and judge, 59th Attorney General of the United States (d. 1977)
• 1899 – Louise Nevelson, American sculptor (d. 1988)
• 1900 – Bill Stone, English soldier (d. 2009)

1901–present

• 1901 – Jaroslav Seifert, Czech poet and journalist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
• 1902 – Su Buqing, Chinese mathematician and academic (d. 2003)
• 1903 – Cec Fifield, Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1957)
• 1904 – Arthur Folwell, English-Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator (d. 1966)
• 1906 – Charles Ritchie, Canadian diplomat, High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
• 1907 – Tiny Bradshaw, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1958)
• 1907 – Anne Desclos, French journalist and author (d. 1998)
• 1907 – Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza (d. 1976)
• 1908 – Ramdhari Singh Dinkar, Indian poet, academic, and politician (d. 1974)
• 1909 – Lorenc Antoni, Kosovo-Albanian composer and conductor (d. 1991)
• 1910 – Jakob Streit, Swiss anthroposophist and author (d. 2009)
• 1911 – Frank Moss, American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
• 1912 – Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Pakistani linguist, author, and critic (d. 2005)
• 1912 – Tony Smith, American sculptor and educator (d. 1980)
• 1913 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish painter and sculptor (d. 2007)
• 1915 – Julius Baker, American flute player and educator (d. 2003)
• 1915 – Clifford Shull, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
• 1916 – Aldo Moro, Italian academic and politician, 39th Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1978)
• 1917 – El Santo, Mexican Luchador enmascarado, film actor, and folk icon (d. 1984)
• 1917 – Asima Chatterjee, Indian chemist (d. 2006)
• 1920 – Mickey Rooney, American actor, singer, director, and producer (d. 2014)
• 1923 – Mohamed Hassanein Heikal, Egyptian journalist (d. 2016)
• 1923 – Vello Helk, Estonian-Danish historian and author (d. 2014)
• 1924 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan journalist and publisher (d. 1978)
• 1925 – Denis C. Twitchett, English historian and scholar (d. 2006)
• 1926 – André Cassagnes, French toy maker, created the Etch A Sketch (d. 2013)
• 1926 – John Coltrane, American saxophonist and composer (d. 1967)
• 1928 – Frank Foster, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2011)
• 1928 – Roger Grimsby, American journalist and actor (d. 1995)
• 1930 – Sehba Akhtar, Pakistani poet and songwriter (d. 1996)
• 1930 – Colin Blakely, Northern Irish actor (d. 1987)
• 1930 – Ray Charles, American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (d. 2004)
• 1931 – Hilly Kristal, American businessman, founded CBGB (d. 2007)
• 1931 – Stan Lynde, American author and illustrator (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Gerald Merrithew, Canadian educator and politician (d. 2004)
• 1932 – Georg Keßler, German footballer and manager
• 1933 – Lloyd J. Old, American immunologist and academic (d. 2011)
• 1934 – Per Olov Enquist, Swedish journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2020)
• 1935 – Prem Chopra, Pakistani-Indian actor
• 1935 – Les McCann, American soul-jazz singer and pianist
• 1935 – Ron Tindall, English-Australian footballer, cricketer, and manager (d. 2012)
• 1936 – George Eastham, English footballer
• 1936 – Valentín Paniagua, Peruvian lawyer and politician, 91st President of Peru (d. 2006)
• 1936 – Sylvain Saudan, Swiss skier
• 1936 – Tareq Suheimat, Jordanian physician, general, and politician (d. 2014)
• 1937 – Jacques Poulin, Canadian author and translator
• 1938 – Romy Schneider, German-French actress (d. 1982)
• 1939 – Henry Blofeld, English cricketer and journalist
• 1939 – Roy Buchanan, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1988)
• 1939 – Joan Hanham, Baroness Hanham, English politician
• 1939 – Sonny Vaccaro, American businessman
• 1940 – Michel Temer, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 25th Vice President of Brazil
• 1940 – Dick Thornett, Australian rugby player and water polo player (d. 2011)
• 1941 – George Jackson, American activist and author, co-founded the Black Guerrilla Family (d. 1971)
• 1941 – Simon Nolet, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1941 – Norma Winstone, English singer-songwriter
• 1942 – Sila María Calderón, Puerto Rican-American businesswoman and politician, 12th Secretary of State of Puerto Rico
• 1942 – Colin Low, Baron Low of Dalston, Scottish scholar and politician
• 1942 – David Renneberg, Australian cricketer
• 1943 – Julio Iglesias, Spanish singer-songwriter
• 1943 – Marty Schottenheimer, American football player and coach (d. 2021)
• 1944 – Eric Bogle, Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1945 – Igor Ivanov, Russian politician and diplomat, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs
• 1945 – Alan Old, English rugby player
• 1945 – Paul Petersen, American actor, singer, author, and activist
• 1946 – Franz Fischler, Austrian politician
• 1946 – Bernard Maris, French economist and journalist (d. 2015)
• 1946 – Genista McIntosh, Baroness McIntosh, English politician
• 1946 – Davorin Popović, Bosnian singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
• 1946 – Anne Wheeler, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1947 – Christian Bordeleau, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1947 – Mary Kay Place, American actress
• 1947 – Neal Smith, American drummer and songwriter
• 1948 – Dan Toler, American guitarist (d. 2013)
• 1949 – Floella Benjamin, Trinidadian-English actress, academic, and politician
• 1949 – Bruce Springsteen, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1949 – Kostas Tournas, Greek singer-songwriter
• 1950 – George Garzone, American saxophonist and educator
• 1951 – Steven Springer, American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2012)
• 1952 – Mark Bego, American author
• 1952 – Anshuman Gaekwad, Indian cricketer
• 1952 – Dennis Lamp, American baseball player
• 1952 – Kim Duk-soo, Korean musician
• 1952 – Jim Morrison, American baseball player and manager
• 1953 – Nicholas Witchell, English journalist
• 1954 – Charlie Barnett, American actor (d. 1996)
• 1954 – Cherie Blair, English lawyer and academic
• 1956 – Peter David, American author, actor, and screenwriter
• 1956 – Tom Hogan, Australian cricketer
• 1956 – Paolo Rossi, Italian footballer (d. 2020)
• 1957 – Rosalind Chao, American actress
• 1958 – Danielle Dax, English singer-songwriter and producer
• 1958 – Khaled El Sheikh, Bahraini singer-songwriter
• 1958 – Tony Fossas, Cuban-American baseball player and coach
• 1958 – Marvin Lewis, American football player and coach
• 1958 – Larry Mize, American golfer
• 1959 – Jason Alexander, American actor, singer, and voice artist
• 1959 – Frank Cottrell-Boyce, English author and screenwriter
• 1959 – Hans Nijman, Dutch mixed martial artist and wrestler (d. 2014)
• 1959 – Chris O'Sullivan, Australian rugby league player
• 1959 – Elizabeth Peña, American actress (d. 2014)
• 1959 – Karen Pierce, English diplomat
• 1960 – Kurt Beyer, American wrestler
• 1960 – Luis Moya, Spanish race car driver
• 1961 – Chi McBride, American actor
• 1961 – William C. McCool, American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
• 1962 – Deborah Orr, Scottish journalist (d. 2019)
• 1963 – Anne-Marie Cadieux, Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
• 1963 – Alex Proyas, Egyptian-Australian director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1964 – Clayton Blackmore, Welsh footballer and manager
• 1964 – Josefa Idem, German-born Italian kayaker
• 1964 – Koshi Inaba, Japanese singer-songwriter
• 1964 – Larry Krystkowiak, American basketball player and coach
• 1964 – Katie Mitchell, English director and producer
• 1964 – Julian Parkhill, English biologist and academic
• 1964 – Bill Phillips, American businessman and author
• 1965 – Mark Woodforde, Australian tennis player and sportscaster
• 1966 – Pete Harnisch, American baseball player and coach
• 1967 – LisaRaye McCoy, American actress, model, fashion designer, and First Lady of the Turks and Caicos Islands
• 1967 – Chris Wilder, English footballer and manager
• 1968 – Yvette Fielding, English actress and producer
• 1968 – Adam Price, Welsh politician
• 1969 – Donald Audette, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1969 – Patrick Fiori, French singer-songwriter
• 1969 – Jan Suchopárek, Czech footballer and manager
• 1970 – Adrian Brunker, Australian rugby player
• 1970 – Lucia Cifarelli, American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
• 1970 – Ani DiFranco, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1970 – Giorgos Koltsidas, Greek footballer
• 1971 – Moin Khan, Pakistani cricketer and coach
• 1971 – Eric Montross, American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2023)
• 1971 – Sean Spicer, American political aide, 30th White House Press Secretary
• 1972 – Sam Bettens, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1972 – Alistair Campbell, Zimbabwean cricketer
• 1972 – Jermaine Dupri, American rapper and producer
• 1972 – Karl Pilkington, English actor and producer
• 1973 – Ingrid Fliter, Argentinian pianist
• 1973 – Vangelis Krios, Greek footballer and coach
• 1974 – Ben Duckworth, Australian rugby league player
• 1974 – Matt Hardy, American wrestler
• 1974 – Layzie Bone, American rapper
• 1975 – Kim Dong-moon, South Korean badminton player
• 1975 – Chris Hawkins, English journalist and producer
• 1975 – Eric Miller, Irish rugby player, footballer, and coach
• 1975 – Vitali Yeremeyev, Kazakhstani ice hockey player
• 1976 – Sarah Blasko, Australian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1976 – Robert James-Collier, English actor
• 1976 – Kip Pardue, American actor and model
• 1976 – Valeriy Sydorenko, Ukrainian boxer
• 1976 – Volodymyr Sydorenko, Ukrainian boxer
• 1977 – Matthieu Descoteaux, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1977 – Dmitri Kulikov, Estonian footballer
• 1977 – Fabio Ongaro, Italian rugby player
• 1977 – Rachael Yamagata, American singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1978 – Benjamin Curtis, American guitarist, drummer, and songwriter (d. 2013)
• 1978 – Anthony Mackie, American actor
• 1979 – Ricky Davis, American basketball player
• 1979 – Bryant McKinnie, American football player
• 1979 – Fábio Simplício, Brazilian footballer
• 1979 – Lote Tuqiri, Fijian-Australian rugby player
• 1981 – Robert Doornbos, Dutch racing driver
• 1981 – Helen Richardson-Walsh, English field hockey player
• 1982 – Mait Künnap, Estonian tennis player
• 1982 – Shyla Stylez, Canadian pornographic actress (d. 2017)
• 1983 – Shane del Rosario, American mixed martial artist and kick-boxer (d. 2013)
• 1983 – Joffrey Lupul, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Patrick Ehelechner, German ice hockey player
• 1984 – Matt Kemp, American baseball player
• 1984 – Anneliese van der Pol, Dutch-American entertainer
• 1985 – Joba Chamberlain, American baseball player
• 1985 – Chris Johnson, American football player
• 1985 – Cush Jumbo, British actress
• 1985 – Lukáš Kašpar, Czech ice hockey player
• 1985 – Hasan Minhaj, American comedian, actor, and television host
• 1986 – Martin Cranie, English footballer
• 1986 – Chris Volstad, American baseball player
• 1987 – Skylar Astin, American actor and singer
• 1988 – Juan Martín del Potro, Argentinian tennis player
• 1988 – Kairi Sane, Japanese wrestler
• 1988 – Yannick Weber, Swiss ice hockey player
• 1989 – Brandon Jennings, American basketball player
• 1989 – Taniela Lasalo, Australian rugby league player
• 1991 – Lee Alexander, Scottish footballer
• 1991 – Key, South Korean singer and entertainer
• 1991 – Melanie Oudin, American tennis player
• 1992 – Angel Garza, Mexican wrestler
• 1993 – Petteri Lindbohm, Finnish ice hockey player
• 1994 – Lee Mi-joo, South Korean singer and entertainer
• 1996 – Napheesa Collier, American basketball player
• 1997 – John Collins, American basketball player
• 1999 – Song Yu-qi, Chinese singer

Pre-1600

• 788 – Ælfwald I, king of Northumbria
• 965 – Al-Mutanabbi, Arab poet (b. 915)
• 1193 – Robert de Sablé, French knight
• 1241 – Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic historian, poet, and politician (b. 1178)
• 1253 – Wenceslaus I of Bohemia
• 1267 – Beatrice of Provence, countess regnant of Provence (b. 1234)
• 1386 – Dan I of Wallachia
• 1390 – John I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1346)
• 1448 – Adolph I, Duke of Cleves (b. 1373)
• 1461 – Charles, Prince of Viana, King of Navarre (b. 1421)
• 1508 – Beatrice of Naples, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1457)
• 1535 – Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1513)
• 1571 – John Jewel, English bishop (b. 1522)
• 1573 – Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1524)

1601–1900

• 1605 – Pontus de Tyard, French priest and poet (b. 1521)
• 1675 – Valentin Conrart, French author, founded the Académie française (b. 1603)
• 1728 – Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher (b. 1655)
• 1738 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch botanist and physician (b. 1668)
• 1764 – Robert Dodsley, English poet and playwright (b. 1703)
• 1773 – Johan Ernst Gunnerus, Norwegian bishop and botanist (b. 1718)
• 1789 – John Rogers, American lawyer and politician (b. 1723)
• 1835 – Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (b. 1801)
• 1851 – Émilie Gamelin, Canadian nun, founded the Sisters of Providence (b. 1800)
• 1846 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-Australian explorer (b. 1818)
• 1850 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan general and politician (b. 1764)
• 1870 – Prosper Mérimée, French archaeologist and historian (b. 1803)
• 1871 – Louis-Joseph Papineau, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1786)
• 1873 – Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (b. 1823)
• 1877 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1811)
• 1889 – Wilkie Collins, English novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1824)
• 1896 – Emmanuel Benner, French artist (b. 1836)
• 1900 – William Marsh Rice, American businessman, founded Rice University (b. 1816)

1901–present

• 1913 – Donato Álvarez, Argentinian general (b. 1825)
• 1917 – Werner Voss, German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
• 1929 – Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-German chemist, physicist, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1939 – Sigmund Freud, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (b. 1856)
• 1939 – Francisco León de la Barra, Mexican politician and diplomat, interim president, 1911 (b. 1863)
• 1940 – Hale Holden, American businessman (b. 1869)
• 1943 – Elinor Glyn, English author, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1864)
• 1944 – Jakob Schaffner, Swiss author and critic (b. 1875)
• 1950 – Sam Barry, American basketball player and coach (b. 1892)
• 1951 – Siegfried Bettmann, German engineer (b. 1863)
• 1958 – Jacob Nicol, Canadian publisher, lawyer, and politician (b. 1876)
• 1967 – Stanislaus Zbyszko, Polish wrestler and strongman (b. 1879)
• 1968 – Pio of Pietrelcina, Italian priest and saint (b. 1887)
• 1971 – James Waddell Alexander II, American mathematician and topologist (b. 1888)
• 1973 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet and diplomat, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
• 1974 – Cliff Arquette, American actor and comedian (b. 1905)
• 1974 – Robbie McIntosh, Scottish drummer (b. 1950)
• 1978 – Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (b. 1950)
• 1979 – Catherine Lacey, English actress (b. 1904)
• 1981 – Chief Dan George, Canadian actor, author, and poet (b. 1899)
• 1987 – Bob Fosse, American actor, dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1927)
• 1988 – Tibor Sekelj, Hungarian-Serbian explorer and author (b. 1912)
• 1992 – Ivar Ivask, Estonian poet and scholar (b. 1927)
• 1992 – Glendon Swarthout, American author and academic (b. 1918)
• 1992 – James Van Fleet, American general (b. 1892)
• 1994 – Jerry Barber, American golfer (b. 1916)
• 1994 – Robert Bloch, American author and screenwriter (b. 1917)
• 1994 – Madeleine Renaud, French actress (b. 1900)
• 1997 – Natalie Savage Carlson, American author (b. 1906)
• 1998 – Ray Bowden, English footballer (b. 1909)
• 1998 – Mary Frann, American actress (b. 1943)
• 1999 – Ivan Goff, Australian-American screenwriter and producer (b. 1910)
• 2000 – Aurelio Rodríguez, Mexican baseball player and manager (b. 1947)
• 2000 – Carl Rowan, American journalist and author (b. 1925)
• 2000 – Raoul Berger, American attorney and law professor (b. 1901)
• 2001 – Ron Hewitt, Welsh footballer (b. 1928)
• 2003 – Yuri Senkevich, Russian physician and journalist (b. 1937)
• 2004 – Billy Reay, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
• 2005 – Filiberto Ojeda Ríos, Puerto Rican activist (b. 1933)
• 2006 – Malcolm Arnold, English trumpet player and composer (b. 1921)
• 2006 – Etta Baker, American singer and guitarist (b. 1913)
• 2008 – Peter Leonard, Australian journalist (b. 1942)
• 2008 – Loren Pope, American journalist and author (b. 1910)
• 2009 – Paul B. Fay, American sailor and politician, United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1918)
• 2010 – Malcolm Douglas, Australian hunter and television host (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Henry Champ, Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1937)
• 2012 – Pavel Grachev, Russian general and politician, 1st Minister of Defence for Russia (b. 1948)
• 2012 – Roberto Rodríguez, Venezuelan baseball player and coach (b. 1941)
• 2012 – Corrie Sanders, South African boxer (b. 1966)
• 2012 – Sam Sniderman, Canadian businessman, founded Sam the Record Man (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj, Syrian colonel and politician (b. 1925)
• 2013 – Gil Dozier, American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1934)
• 2013 – Ruth Patrick, American botanist and immunologist (b. 1907)
• 2014 – A. W. Davis, American basketball player and coach (b. 1943)
• 2014 – Irven DeVore, American anthropologist and biologist (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Don Manoukian, American football player and wrestler (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Al Suomi, American ice hockey player and referee (b. 1913)
• 2015 – Dayananda Saraswati, Indian monk and philosopher (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Charles Kuen Kao, Hong Kong-American-British electrical engineer and physicist (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Gary Kurtz, American film producer (b. 1940)
• 2018 – Jane Fortune, American author, journalist, and philanthropist (b.1942)
• 2020 – Juliette Gréco, French singer and actress (b. 1927)
• 2021 – John Elliott, Australian businessman (b. 1941)
• 2021 – Nino Vaccarella, Italian race car driver (b. 1933)

• Christian feast day:
  • Adomnán
  • Cissa of Crowland (or of Northumbria)
  • Padre Pio
  • Pope Linus
  • Sossius
  • Thecla (Roman Catholic Church)
  • Xanthippe and Polyxena
  • September 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Grito de Lares (Puerto Rico)
• Holocaust Memorial Day (Lithuania)
• Kyrgyz Language Day (Kyrgyzstan)
• National Day (Saudi Arabia)
• Teachers' Day (Brunei)
• Celebrate Bisexuality Day (bisexual community)
• International Day of Sign Languages

• "On This Day". BBC.
• The New York Times: On This Day
• "Historical Events on September 23". OnThisDay.com.